1999-2024 Chapel Hill Expert Survey (CHES) trend file

description

The Chapel Hill expert surveys estimate party positioning on European integration, ideology and policy issues for national parties in a variety of European countries. The first survey was conducted in 1999, with subsequent waves in 2002, 2006, 2010, 2014, 2019, 2024. The number of countries increased from 14 Western European countries in 1999 to 24 current or prospective EU members in 2006 to 31 countries in 2024. In this time, the number of national parties grew from 143 to 279. The 1999-2024 trend survey includes all EU member states (except Luxembourg), plus the United Kingdom. Questions on parties' general position on European integration, several EU policies, general left/right, economic left/right, and social left/right are common to all surveys. More recent surveys also contain questions on non-EU policy issues, such as anti-elite rhetoric, immigration, redistribution, decentralization, and environmental policy.

More information about the survey and the trend file can be found in the codebook.

datasets

• Dataset (in STATA) (in .csv)

• Codebook

how to cite

• When using the 1999-2024 trend file, cite the following: 

  • Rovny, Jan, Ryan Bakker, Liesbet Hooghe, Seth Jolly, Gary Marks, Jonathan Polk, Jan Rovny, Marco Steenbergen, and Milada Anna Vachudova. 2025. ``The 2024 Chapel Hill Expert Survey on political party positioning in Europe: Twenty-five years of party positional data.'' Electoral Studies 97 (October). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electstud.2025.102981